1. Commonly Used Material Grades
Selected based on application, with higher requirements than ordinary decorative pipes.
Austenitic Steel (Mainstream):
304 (0Cr18Ni9): General purpose, used in general corrosive environments and food contact.
304L (00Cr19Ni10): Ultra-low carbon, excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion, used in heavily corrosive environments where post-weld annealing is not possible.
316 (0Cr17Ni12Mo2): Added molybdenum, improved resistance to pitting corrosion and seawater.
316L (00Cr17Ni14Mo2): Ultra-low carbon version of 316, with the best overall corrosion resistance.
321 (1Cr18Ni9Ti): Added titanium, improved resistance to intergranular corrosion, high temperature resistance.
Duplex Steel:
2205 (S32205): Combines the advantages of austenitic and ferritic steels, offering high strength and excellent resistance to chloride stress corrosion, suitable for harsh environments (such as seawater and chemical industries).
Special High-Performance Steels:
904L, 254SMO: High molybdenum content, used in highly corrosive media (such as sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid).
2. Dimensions and Specifications Cold rolling processes enable the production of tubes with very precise control over outer diameter and wall thickness.
Outer Diameter Range: Typically Φ6mm ~ Φ273mm (small and medium diameters are its strengths). Smaller capillaries (<Φ1mm) and larger sizes can be produced, but this range is the mainstream.
Wall Thickness Range: 0.5mm ~ 20mm and above. Cold rolling processes are particularly adept at producing precision tubes with thin to medium-thick walls.
Typical Specifications Examples:
Precision Instrument Tubes: Φ10mm x 1.0mm
Heat Exchanger Tubes: Φ19mm x 2.0mm
Hydraulic Cylinder Barrels: Φ50mm x 5.0mm
Food Industry Tubes: Φ33.7mm x 1.5mm
3. Key Precision Indicators (Core Difference from Hot-Rolled Tubes)
This is the core value of cold-rolled tubes.
Dimensional Tolerances:
Outer Diameter Tolerance: Very stringent, typically controlled within ±0.10mm to ±0.30mm (depending on specifications).
Wall Thickness Tolerance: Equally stringent, typically around ±10% of the wall thickness, with higher-level requirements reaching ±5%. Excellent wall thickness uniformity.
Ovality: Excellently controlled, ensuring a near-perfect circular cross-section.
Length: Available in standard or multiple lengths to meet equipment manufacturing needs and reduce waste.
4. Surface Treatment and Condition
Depending on subsequent processing and usage requirements. Industrial Pipe Surfaces:
Acid-washed (AP): The surface is silvery-white or light gray matte with a uniform passivation film. This is a common delivery condition and offers good corrosion resistance.
Bright (BA): After heat treatment under a protective atmosphere, the surface is mirror-like, with a high degree of internal cleanliness. Suitable for demanding applications (such as food and electronics).
Cold-rolled (cold-drawn): The surface has a cold-worked metallic luster and high hardness. Further processing is required, or it can be used directly.
Decorative Pipe Surfaces: Based on the above, further processing such as polishing (to mirror finish), wire drawing, sandblasting, and electroplating (titanium plating) can be performed.
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